genetic code reading - translation to ρωσικά
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genetic code reading - translation to ρωσικά

2003 BOOK BY DIOMIDIS SPIMELLIS
Code reading

genetic code reading      

общая лексика

считывание генетического кода

транскрипция

sense codon         
  • single letter code]].
  • logo]] of the ''Globobulimina pseudospinescens'' mitochondrial genome by FACIL.<ref name="DutilhJurgelenaite2011"/> The logo shows the 64 codons from left to right, predicted alternatives in red (relative to the standard genetic code). Red line: stop codons. The height of each amino acid in the stack shows how often it is aligned to the codon in homologous protein domains. The stack height indicates the support for the prediction.
  • The genetic code
  • more detailed version]] is available.
  • Reading frames in the DNA sequence of a region of the human mitochondrial genome coding for the genes ''[[MT-ATP8]]'' and ''[[MT-ATP6]]'' (in black: positions 8,525 to 8,580 in the sequence accession NC_012920<ref name="NCBI NC_012920">''Homo sapiens'' mitochondrion, complete genome. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_012920.1 "Revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS): accession NC_012920"], ''[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]]''. Retrieved on 27 December 2017.</ref>). There are three possible reading frames in the 5' → 3' forward direction, starting on the first (+1), second (+2) and third position (+3). For each codon (square brackets), the amino acid is given by the [[vertebrate mitochondrial code]], either in the +1 frame for ''MT-ATP8'' (in red) or in the +3 frame for ''MT-ATP6'' (in blue). The ''MT-ATP8'' genes terminates with the TAG stop codon (red dot) in the +1 frame. The ''MT-ATP6'' gene starts with the ATG codon (blue circle for the M amino acid) in the +3 frame.
  • Examples of notable [[mutation]]s that can occur in humans.<ref>References for the image are found in Wikimedia Commons page at: [[Commons:File:Notable mutations.svg#References]].</ref>
  • A series of codons in part of a [[messenger RNA]] (mRNA) molecule. Each codon consists of three [[nucleotide]]s, usually corresponding to a single [[amino acid]]. The nucleotides are abbreviated with the letters A, U, G and C. This is mRNA, which uses U ([[uracil]]). DNA uses T ([[thymine]]) instead. This mRNA molecule will instruct a [[ribosome]] to synthesize a protein according to this code.
SCHEME, DEFINES HOW SEQUENCES OF CODONS SPECIFY WHICH AMINO ACID WILL BE ADDED NEXT DURING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; SET OF RULES BY WHICH INFORMATION ENCODED WITHIN GENETIC MATERIAL (DNA OR MRNA SEQUENCES) IS TRANSLATED INTO PROTEINS BY LIVING CELLS.
Codon; Standard genetic code; Codons; Genetic Code; Triplet code; Degenerate codon; Degenerate code; Universal Code (biology); Genocode; Universal Code (Biology); Degeneracy of the genetic code; Universal Genetic Code; Universal genetic code; Codon Dictionary; Genetic coding; Gene code; Standard code; Sense codon; Recoding (biology); Encoding (gene translation)

общая лексика

смысловой кодон

degenerate code         
  • single letter code]].
  • logo]] of the ''Globobulimina pseudospinescens'' mitochondrial genome by FACIL.<ref name="DutilhJurgelenaite2011"/> The logo shows the 64 codons from left to right, predicted alternatives in red (relative to the standard genetic code). Red line: stop codons. The height of each amino acid in the stack shows how often it is aligned to the codon in homologous protein domains. The stack height indicates the support for the prediction.
  • The genetic code
  • more detailed version]] is available.
  • Reading frames in the DNA sequence of a region of the human mitochondrial genome coding for the genes ''[[MT-ATP8]]'' and ''[[MT-ATP6]]'' (in black: positions 8,525 to 8,580 in the sequence accession NC_012920<ref name="NCBI NC_012920">''Homo sapiens'' mitochondrion, complete genome. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_012920.1 "Revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS): accession NC_012920"], ''[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]]''. Retrieved on 27 December 2017.</ref>). There are three possible reading frames in the 5' → 3' forward direction, starting on the first (+1), second (+2) and third position (+3). For each codon (square brackets), the amino acid is given by the [[vertebrate mitochondrial code]], either in the +1 frame for ''MT-ATP8'' (in red) or in the +3 frame for ''MT-ATP6'' (in blue). The ''MT-ATP8'' genes terminates with the TAG stop codon (red dot) in the +1 frame. The ''MT-ATP6'' gene starts with the ATG codon (blue circle for the M amino acid) in the +3 frame.
  • Examples of notable [[mutation]]s that can occur in humans.<ref>References for the image are found in Wikimedia Commons page at: [[Commons:File:Notable mutations.svg#References]].</ref>
  • A series of codons in part of a [[messenger RNA]] (mRNA) molecule. Each codon consists of three [[nucleotide]]s, usually corresponding to a single [[amino acid]]. The nucleotides are abbreviated with the letters A, U, G and C. This is mRNA, which uses U ([[uracil]]). DNA uses T ([[thymine]]) instead. This mRNA molecule will instruct a [[ribosome]] to synthesize a protein according to this code.
SCHEME, DEFINES HOW SEQUENCES OF CODONS SPECIFY WHICH AMINO ACID WILL BE ADDED NEXT DURING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; SET OF RULES BY WHICH INFORMATION ENCODED WITHIN GENETIC MATERIAL (DNA OR MRNA SEQUENCES) IS TRANSLATED INTO PROTEINS BY LIVING CELLS.
Codon; Standard genetic code; Codons; Genetic Code; Triplet code; Degenerate codon; Degenerate code; Universal Code (biology); Genocode; Universal Code (Biology); Degeneracy of the genetic code; Universal Genetic Code; Universal genetic code; Codon Dictionary; Genetic coding; Gene code; Standard code; Sense codon; Recoding (biology); Encoding (gene translation)

математика

вырожденный код

Ορισμός

РЕДИНГ
(Reading) , город в Великобритании (Англия), на р. Темза, к западу от Лондона, административный центр графства Беркшир. 135 тыс. жителей (1991). Пищевая промышленность, машиностроение. Университет.
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город на северо-востоке США, шт. Пенсильвания. 78 тыс. жителей (1990). Черная металлургия, металлообработка, машиностроение, химическая, трикотажная промышленность.

Βικιπαίδεια

Code Reading

Code Reading (ISBN 0-201-79940-5) is a 2003 software development book written by Diomidis Spinellis. The book is directed to programmers who want to improve their code reading abilities. It discusses specific techniques for reading code written by others and outlines common programming concepts.

The code examples used in the book are taken from real-life software and uses C to illustrate basic concepts. Excerpts from prominent open-source code systems like the Apache Web server, the hsqldb Java relational database engine, the NetBSD Unix distribution, the Perl language, the Tomcat application server, and the X Window System are presented.

The book inaugurated Addison-Wesley's Effective Software Development Series, edited by Scott Meyers, and received the 2004 Software Development Productivity Award in the “Technical Books” category. It has been translated into Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Polish, and Russian.

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